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Compressors - the theoretical basis of compressed air

1.1.SU DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING PNEUMATIC

Application of compressed air from the BC, however, the development of science and technology at that time not in sync , especially knowledge of mechanics , physics , materials ... is missing , so the range of applications of compressed air is very limited .

Until the 18th century , the machinery and equipment used compressed air energy were published minh.Voi strong development of electric power , the role of energy use reduction dan.Tuy natural gas compression , the use of compressed air energy still plays a vital role in the field that use pneumatic energy still plays a vital role in the field that will not use an electric compressor is used toan.Khi in small devices but drives with larger velocities ; hammer , beating tools , riveting tools ... most , jig clamped in the machine tool .

After the Second World War , the application of pneumatic energy ( Compressors ) in control technique that has been developed me.Nhung tools , equipment , pneumatic elements and new male patent applications in many other areas nhau.Su combined with electro- pneumatic electronic decision for the development of control technology in the future .

1.2 . RELEVANCE OF PNEUMATIC

1.2.1.Trong control field

The 50s and 60s of the 20th century was a period of technical automation thrive me.Ky pneumatic control technology developed and widely diverse in many other areas in the Republic of private nhau.Chi Contact Germany had 60 largest maker of elements in pneumatic control

The control system pneumatic ( compressed air ) is used in areas where the explosion occurred or dangerous as the spray equipment , the type of clamping jigs , plastic parts , plastic or the field of electronics production , because sanitation conditions are very good and safe cao.Ngoai , the control system with compressed air can also be used in the automatic production line , in the device shipping and inspection of the boiler equipment , electroplating equipment , packaging , packaging and industrial chemicals .

1.2.2.Trong field transmission

- Tools and equipment collider : The equipment and machinery in fields such as mining , such as quarrying , coal mining , in the construction , such as building mines , tunnels .

- Communication rotation : rotary motor drives with large capacity pneumatic cao.Neu prices are comparable power consumption cost of a rotary engine with compressed air and power an electric motor of the same capacity , the cost of the electricity consumed by a rotary engine pneumatic power 10 to 15 times higher than the opposite dien.Nhung engine volume and weight less than 30 % compared to electric motors of the same capacity .

These tools screwdriver , drill , power is about 3.5 kW , grinding capacity of 2.5 kW and a small grinder with power , but revs 100,000 r / min , the usability pneumatic actuator is suitable .

- Drive straight : Applying direct pressure actuator pneumatic actuator directly in the tools, jigs clamp detail in the packaging equipment , in the wood processing machines , chillers and as in the brake system of the car.

1. 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF PNEUMATIC

- On the number : available everywhere should be able to use unlimited amounts .

- Regarding transport : air compressor can be easily transported in the pipeline, with a distance of pipeline dinh.Cac not necessary because after using compressed air will be discharged into the environment after the work is completed .

- In store : air compressor not necessarily tuc.Khi activities can be stored compressed in the tank to provide as needed.

- Temperature : Pneumatic little change with temperature .

- On fire prevention : not a fire risk caused by compressed air , so no cost for the room chay.Khong pneumatic typically operate with a pressure of about 6 bar room so it's not too complicated .

- In terms of hygiene : Compressed air is used in the filter devices are dirt , water or contaminants should be cleaned often , not a risk in terms of nature protection sinh.Tinh is very important in the optical industry particular industry , such as food , textiles , forest products and tanning .

- About Device structure : simple cheaper than other devices .

- Regarding speed : compressed air is a large flow velocity allows to achieve high speed ( speed of work in the cylinders usually 1 - 2m / s ) .

- In terms of adjusting velocity and pressure of the working device is pneumatically adjusted stepless .

- About the overload : the tools and pneumatic equipment to undertake load until they stop completely so will not overload occurs .

1.4.ECFECTS OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

1.4.1. Advance

- Due to the compressibility ( elastic ) big air , so it can extract that contains easy dang.Nhu capable application to establish a extract gas compression station ( central station air compressor ) .

- Ability to transfer energy away , because the kinematic viscosity of small compressed gas , and the pressure loss in piping small ..

- Pneumatic Piping unnecessary waste .

- Low cost to set up a system driven by compressed air , because the majority of enterprise systems in the gas pipeline compressor available ..

- Prevention system pressure limits are guaranteed .

1.4.2.Disadvance points :

- Power transmission is low.

- When the system load changes, the speed of change and resilience doi.Boi because of the large compressed air , which should not be done straight or turning motions are ..

- Pneumatic Line exit airway noise .

Currently, in the field of control , it is often combined control system with electric or pneumatic power tu.Cho very difficult to determine accurately , clearly typical advantages of each system controller . However, to compare some aspects , characteristics of pneumatic actuator for mechanical transmission , electric .